The Espionage Act, passed in a hurried response to World War I, has had a troubled history and remains in effect today, causing concerns regarding its broad application. Originally designed to target spies, it has been used against whistleblowers, leakers, and even former President Donald Trump. The Act’s outdated language and lack of clarity have led to selective enforcement, raising questions about its relevance and its impact on free speech. Calls for its replacement with separate legislation addressing whistleblowing and espionage are gaining traction to ensure a more balanced legal framework.