China is modifying its roll-on/roll-off ferry fleet for military use as part of preparations for a potential invasion of Taiwan, according to a classified U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) report obtained by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.

Prepared earlier this year for the Pentagon, the report says Five Eyes intelligence tracked about 30 Chinese commercial ferries, modified for military use, taking part in People’s Liberation Army (PLA) drills in 2022 alone.

The report also notes that about 70 ferries are under construction at multiple Chinese shipyards. With reinforced bow doors, ballast systems, and modular interiors, the vessels are expected to transport tanks, armored vehicles, and troops. 

They are expected to be operational by the end of 2026.

Taiwan’s government views the vessels as part of China’s long-term strategy. Douglas Hsu, Taipei’s envoy to Australia, told the ABC that Beijing’s use of “civilian vessels or other dual-use facilities in [the] maritime domain are also part of China’s strategy,” alongside cyber operations and other pressure tactics.

Beijing rejects the assessment. “It’s common sense that China is preparing for a Taiwan crisis. This does not mean China will do something quickly in the future. Preparation is not the same as intention,” Professor Hu Bo of Peking University told the ABC.

Earlier this year, videos circulating on Chinese social media showed China’s civilian ferry fleet taking part in amphibious landing drills conducted by the PLA. The same exercise also unveiled China’s new amphibious barge system, a jack-up-supported temporary pier designed for large-scale military landings.

🇨🇳🇹🇼 BREAKING: A classified U.S. military report seen by ABC says China is rapidly building up its commercial ferry fleet to prepare for an invasion of Taiwan — ABC. pic.twitter.com/haT67ka9fQ

— Defence Index (@Defence_Index) September 29, 2025