The Ukrainian conflict with Russia did not proceed as many military analysts expected; Russia’s assumed military superiority did not lead to a quick defeat of Ukraine. Instead, Ukraine managed to stall Russian advancements and reclaim approximately half of the territory seized over the previous year. Factors such as military structure, morale, and industrial base proved more impactful than weaponry and tactics, calling for a reevaluation of military strategy analyses.
  

Key Points: 

1. Contrary to the predictions of many military analysts, Ukraine was able to resist the Russian military and reclaim significant territory, even pushing back the Russian forces. This indicated that the strength of a military isn’t only about superior weaponry or strategy, but also about the structure, morale, and industrial base.
2. The conflict in Ukraine has not been a fast-moving one dominated by tanks and fighter jets, but rather a slow and chaotic one marked by artillery, drones, and trenches.
3. Russia’s military failures were partly due to its inability to effectively operate its advanced systems and manage military logistics. This calls into question the common practice of military analysts focusing heavily on weaponry and strategy while neglecting factors such as logistics and morale.
4. These insights gleaned from the Ukraine conflict have important implications for potential future conflicts, including a potential war between the U.S. and China in the Indo-Pacific. Factors such as logistics and personnel, as seen in Ukraine, could play a crucial role in such a conflict.
5. The war highlighted the importance of resources, especially ammunition. Both Russia and Ukraine have used more ammunition than expected, turning to external sources for supplies, underscoring the need for considering logistics and stockpiles in military analysis.

Source: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/ukraine/war-defied-expectations